GERUND & TO INFINITIVE
A. Gerund
Gerund
adalah salah satu bentuk verb yang berakhiran –ing, yang biasa disebut juga dengan
verb-ing. Setelah mendapatkan akhiran –ing inilah, gerund berfungsi sebagai
sebuah kata benda dan bukan lagi berfungsi sebagai kata kerja.
Bentuk dari Gerund : Verb I + ing
Fungsi
Gerund :
1. Gerund
sebagai subject dari kalimat
Examples
:
a) Writing
is my faviorite subject
b) Finding
Dorry in that water was not bad enough
c) Breathing
when you are in teh middle of swimming was very hard
d) Cooking
is something that so hard to do
e) Searching
something you need through the google is the smartest solution
2. Gerund
sebagai object dari kalimat
Examples
:
a) She
is keen on learning lenguage
b) They
always fancy going camping
c)
Anita doesn`t like drinking
d) Are
you tired of studying
e) I
really enjoy singing with Raisa
3. Gerund
sebagai subject complement
Examples
:
a) The
sport I`m not really into is swimming
actually
b) The
stuff they did all day was just chatting
c)
The thing she has done to me so far
is just whining
d) One
of my father habits is watching
horror movie in the night
e) Andi`s
bad habit is not coming to class on
time
4. Gerund
setelah preposition
Examples
:
a) After
waking up, I go to the bathroom and
wash my face
b) Before
having the tests, I have studied
hard for the whole week
c) In
spite of working till late at night,
she still can`t finish her job on time
d) Anne
feels pretty without applying any make up
e) From
baking cookies to pie, William is so
good at it
Tips
dalam membentuk sebuah Gerund (verb + -ing)
Pada
umumnya untuk membentuk sebuah verb menjadi gerund kita hanya perlu menempelkan
akhiran –ing pada kata kerja tersebut, seperti “fly” yang berubah menjadi
“flying”. Namun untuk beberapa kata tertentu, kita perlu melakukan sedikit
penyesuaian, seperti misalnya :
1.
Untuk verb yang berakhiran huruf
“e”, hilangkan huruf “e” tersebut dan tambahkan akhiran –ing . Example : drive => driving
2.
Untuk verb yang berakhiran huruf
“ie”, ganti huruf “ie” tersebut dengan “y” dan kemudian tambahkan akhiran –ing
. Example : die => dying , tie => tying
B. To Infinitive
To
Infinitive adalah bentuk verbal yang bisa berfungsi sebagai noun dalam kalimat.
Pola dari to Infinitive adalah “to + base verb (verb I)”. Beberapa contoh to Infinitive
misalnya :
to
drink, to sing, to travel, to study, to walk. Infinitive juga bisa disebut kata
kerja yang terdapat to dan ditambah verb dan , to berfungsi sebagai noun (kata
benda), adjective (kata sifat) atau adverb (kata keterangan). Istilah verbal
mengindikasikan sebuah infinitive sama seperti jenis verbal lainnya berasal
dari sebuah verb dan mengekspresikan suatu action atau keadaan suatu bentuk.
Bentuk
infinitive : to + verb
Fungsi
infinitive :
1. Sebagai
subject kalimat
Examples :
Examples :
a) To swim
in the river is the dangerous
b) To study
in Europe is my dream
c) To get
much money is very hard for me
d) To read
every single word is very simple
e) To stay
here was very expensive for his pursue
2. Sebagai
object kalimat :
Examples:
a) His
job is to search new animal in the
world
b) Her
duty is to make a cup od coffee
c) Our
problem is to solve their house
problem
d) Your
sister problem is to get a
sertificate
e) My
mission is to help poor people
3. Digunakan
setelah adjective (kata sifat) dengan rumus:
a) It
is + adjective + to infinitive. Example: it is good to talk
b) It
is + adjective + infinitive + for someone + to infinitive. Example: it is hard
for elephants to see mice
c) It
is + adjective + infinitive + of someone + to infinitive. Example: it is unkind
of her to say that
d) The
bike is not bad for him to ride
e) The
best for me to tell her about my love is tomorrow
f) Her
thinking is good to make this condition better
g) Sere
is very cute to protect her skin
h) Dallas
is very handsome for her to be her boyfriend
Jenis infinitive:
1. Infinitive
dengan “to” (full infinitive)
Examples :
a. The
elephant decided to eat the mouse
b. You
will have to ask her
c. I
want to study english
d. He
refuse to go with me because tired
e. You
are to leave immediately
2. Infinitive
tanpa “to” (bare infinitive)
a. Digunakan
setelah modal auxiliary (can, may, must, shall, will)
Examples :
1) I
can do all for you
2) She
will read the text
3) They
must go to the library
4) We
shall borrow this car
5) We
may go to the beach if the weather is dry
b. Didahului
oleh kata “need (perlu)” dan “dare (berani)”
Examples :
1) We
need not do it again
2) Hana
dare not do it
3) Would
you dare fight with a lion
4) Need i recheck
it ?
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar